Giant Victoria waterlilies form broad floating leaves with an upturned rim. For decades, Victoria boliviana was confused with other members of the genus until botanical and genomic investigations by Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and Bolivian collaborators formally described it as a distinct species in 2022.
A leaf cultivated at La Rinconada ecological park in Bolivia measured 3.2 metres in diameter on 3 February 2012, with an upturned rim about 17 centimetres high. Flattening the rim would increase its overall spread to roughly 3.37 metres, but the record value is the directly measured 3.2 metres. Its reported leaf area is approximately 7.55 square metres.