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Recording humanity Understanding the world / GLOBAL RECORDS DATABASE

Record Timeline

Timeline

Follow how records are established, updated and superseded over time.

Timeline events

1696

  1. Oldest Continuously Operating Insurance Company Lineage

    1696-11-12

    Aviva plc · First achievement · St Martin's Lane, London, United Kingdom

    EconomyCurrent

1683

  1. World's First University Museum

    1683-01-01

    Ashmolean Museum · First achievement · Oxford, United Kingdom

    Culture & EntertainmentCurrent

1668

  1. World's Oldest Central Bank

    1668-01-01

    Sveriges Riksbank · 1668 year · Stockholm, Sweden

    EconomyCurrent

1646

  1. First Public Library in Latin America

    1646-01-01

    Palafoxiana Library · 1646 year · Puebla, Mexico

    Culture & EntertainmentCurrent

1645

  1. World's Oldest Continuously Published Newspaper

    1645-01-01

    Post- och Inrikes Tidningar · 1645 year · Sweden

    Human SocietyCurrent

1625

  1. Oldest Continuously Used National Flag

    1625-05-08

    Flag of Denmark · In documented use since at least 1625 · Denmark

    Human SocietyCurrent

1602

  1. World's Oldest Stock Exchange

    1602-01-01

    Amsterdam Stock Exchange · 1602 year · Amsterdam, Netherlands

    EconomyCurrent
  2. First Public Subscription to a Company's Share Capital

    1602-01-01

    Dutch East India Company · First achievement · Amsterdam and five other cities in the Dutch Republic

    EconomyCurrent

1600

  1. Earliest Surviving Complete Opera

    1600-01-01

    Euridice (Jacopo Peri) · First achievement · Florence, Italy

    Culture & EntertainmentCurrent

1599

  1. World's Earliest Chamber of Commerce

    1599-08-05

    Marseille Chamber of Commerce · First achievement · Marseille, France

    EconomyCurrent

1571

  1. First Planned City of the Mughals

    1571-01-01

    Fatehpur Sikri · 1571 year · Fatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh, India

    ArchitectureCurrent

1545

  1. Oldest University Botanical Garden Still Operating on Its Original Site

    1545-01-01

    Botanical Garden of Padua · First achievement · Padua, Veneto, Italy

    Human SocietyCurrent

1522

  1. First Documented Maritime Circumnavigation of Earth

    1522-09-06

    Nao Victoria · First achievement · Sanlúcar de Barrameda, Andalusia, Spain

    Human SocietyCurrent

1507

  1. First World Map to Depict a Separate Western Hemisphere and the Pacific as a Separate Ocean

    1507-01-01

    Waldseemüller 1507 World Map · 1507 year · Saint-Dié, France

    Culture & EntertainmentCurrent
  2. First Map to Use the Name America

    1507-01-01

    Waldseemüller 1507 World Map · 1507 year · Saint-Dié, France

    Culture & EntertainmentCurrent

1474

  1. Earliest Written Patent Statute

    1474-03-19

    Venetian Patent Statute of 1474 · First achievement · Republic of Venice (present-day Venice, Italy)

    Human SocietyCurrent

1472

  1. World's Oldest Bank Still in Operation

    1472-01-01

    Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena · 1472 year · Siena, Italy

    EconomyCurrent

1471

  1. World's Oldest Public Museum

    1471-01-01

    Capitoline Museums · First achievement · Rome, Italy

    Human SocietyCurrent

1360

  1. Oldest Extant Wooden Bridge in Europe

    1360-01-01

    Chapel Bridge · about 1360 year · Lucerne, Switzerland

    ArchitectureCurrent

1056

  1. Tallest Extant Wooden Buddhist Pagoda

    1056-01-01

    Sakyamuni Pagoda of Fogong Temple · 67.31 m · Fogong Temple, Ying County, Shuozhou, Shanxi, China

    ArchitectureCurrent

1024

  1. First Official Government-Issued Paper Money

    1024-02-01

    Northern Song official jiaozi · First achievement · Yizhou, Northern Song (modern Chengdu, Sichuan, China)

    EconomyCurrent

0868

  1. Earliest Surviving Complete Dated Printed Book

    0868-05-11

    Diamond Sutra printed scroll of 868 · First achievement · Recovered from Mogao Cave 17 near Dunhuang, Gansu, China; printing location unknown; now held by the British Library in London

    Culture & EntertainmentCurrent

0859

  1. World's Oldest Existing and Continually Operating Higher-Learning Institution

    0859-01-01

    University of al-Qarawiyyin · 859 CE · Fez, Morocco

    Human SocietyCurrent

0705

  1. World's Longest-Operating Hotel

    0705-01-01

    Nishiyama Onsen Keiunkan · operating since AD 705 · Nishiyama Onsen, Hayakawa, Yamanashi, Japan

    Human SocietyCurrent

0605

  1. World's Oldest Extant Open-Spandrel Arch Bridge

    0605-01-01

    Zhaozhou Bridge · about 605 year · Zhao County, Hebei, China

    ArchitectureCurrent

0578

  1. Oldest Founded Business Still Operating Through a Successor

    0578-01-01

    Kongō Gumi · First achievement · Osaka, Japan

    EconomyCurrent

Time not specified

  1. Deepest Point in the Ocean

    Challenger Deep · about 10,935 m · Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench, western Pacific Ocean

    NatureCurrent
  2. World's Largest Country by Area

    Russia · about 17,098,200 km² square kilometres · Northern Eurasia

    Human SocietyCurrent
  3. Deepest lake in the world

    Lake Baikal · 1,642 m · South-eastern Siberia, Russia

    NatureCurrent
  4. Largest natural satellite in the Solar System by diameter

    Ganymede · 5,268 km · Orbiting Jupiter

    SpaceCurrent
  5. Country with the Most World Heritage Sites

    Italy · 62 properties properties · Italy

    Human SocietyCurrent
  6. World's Largest Coral Reef System

    Great Barrier Reef · about 348,000 sq km sq km · North-east coast of Australia

    NatureCurrent
  7. Largest Volcano in the Solar System

    Olympus Mons · about 22 km high km · Mars

    SpaceCurrent
  8. World's Oldest Known Meteorite Impact Structure

    Vredefort Dome · about 2,023,000,000 years ago · Vredefort Dome, South Africa

    NatureCurrent
  9. Oldest Centre of Civilization in the Americas

    Sacred City of Caral-Supe · about 5,000 years old · Supe Valley, Peru

    Human SocietyCurrent
  10. World's Longest Novel by Character Count

    In Search of Lost Time · about 9,609,000 characters · France

    Culture & EntertainmentCurrent
  11. World's Largest Known Fungus by Area

    Armillaria ostoyae 'Humongous Fungus' · 965 ha · Malheur National Forest, Oregon, United States

    NatureCurrent
  12. World's Largest Active Volcano

    Mauna Loa · 42,500 km³ · Hawaii, United States

    NatureCurrent
  13. World's Largest Island

    Greenland · about 2,175,600 km² · Greenland

    NatureCurrent
  14. Largest Planet in the Solar System

    Jupiter · about 142,984 km · Solar System

    SpaceCurrent
  15. World's Largest Freshwater Lake by Surface Area

    Lake Superior · 81,152 km² · United States–Canada border

    NatureCurrent
  16. World's Longest Mountain Range

    Global mid-ocean ridge system · 65,000 km · global ocean floor

    NatureCurrent
  17. World's Largest Waterfall by Flow

    Denmark Strait cataract · over 3,500,000 m³/s · Denmark Strait between Greenland and Iceland

    NatureCurrent
  18. Largest Pre-Columbian Urban and Mound Center in North America North of Mexico

    Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site · more than 1,600 ha · Cahokia, Illinois, United States

    Human SocietyCurrent
  19. Largest Existing Imperial Palace-Garden and Temple Complex in China

    Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde · 611.2 ha · Chengde, Hebei, China

    ArchitectureCurrent
  20. Largest Ziggurat Outside Mesopotamia

    Tchogha Zanbil ziggurat · 105.2 m per side m · Tchogha Zanbil, Khuzestan, Iran

    ArchitectureCurrent
  21. Only Fifteenth-Century Library Still Intact

    Malatesta Novello Library · 15th century · Cesena, Italy

    Culture & EntertainmentCurrent
  22. World's First Planned University City

    University and Historic Precinct of Alcalá de Henares · early 16th century · Alcalá de Henares

    ArchitectureCurrent
  23. Largest Object in the Asteroid Belt

    Ceres · diameter about 952 km · Solar System

    SpaceCurrent
  24. Smallest Dwarf Planet in the Solar System

    Ceres · about 964 km · Solar System

    SpaceCurrent
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